Research and realization of an auto-calibration technique based on stereovision

The purpose of this research is to analyse the present-day state of calibration techniques and to realize an auto-calibration technique based on a projected grating 3D measuring system. An auto-calibration technique, called multiple target tracking for detecting outlines based on random placing and regular numbers, was proposed. The practical algorithm was also presented at the same time. According to this arithmetic, the relevant experimental result was gained. Furthermore, the precision of the calculation result was analyzed. The results showed that the operation was simplified, the orientation precision of image outline edges was ensured and calibration precision was kept within 0.02–0.05 mm by using the arithmetic in this work. The research verified the feasibility of auto-calibration, providing arithmetic that is extremely useful for the industrial application of computer vision technologies. The paper deals with experimental work on innovative techniques for which the data have not been seen in the literature. In particular, an original auto-calibration technique, which is named as multiple target tracking for detecting outlines based on random placing and regular numbers, was provided.     

一种可重构型相移光纤光栅传感系统

为了实现对相移型光纤光栅传感器回波光谱中相移幅度、位置的精确控制,提出了一种利用机械微应变控制相移光纤光栅传感器的方法。该方法采用千分尺螺杆、应变梁、相移型光纤光栅、解调仪等组成。通过千分尺螺杆完成微应变控制,由梁将应变传递给PSFBG,从而使回波光谱变化,最终,构建光谱偏移量与微位移Δy的函数模型。通过应力加载实验,结果显示拉伸与压缩可以使PSFBG产生正相移和负相移,相移拟合曲线是线性的,综合拟合斜率为0.9914。该系统可通过梁弯曲微应变实现对相移的连续调谐,相移的大小可通过改变负载位移实现线性控制。该方法简单、精度高、控制范围大且无源,具有一定的应用价值。     

Effect of cyclotron resonance on ‘hot’ dispersion in a staggered double metallic grating sheet beam travelling wave tube

Based on the beam wave synchronous interaction in transverse and longitudinal directions at the same time and starting from Maxwell’s equation and linear Vlasov equation, the beam–wave interaction ‘hot’ dispersion equation considering both cyclotron resonance and Cherenkov resonance in a staggered double metallic grating traveling wave tube is deduced. Through the reasonable selection for geometric and electrical parameters, the numerical calculation and analysis of the ‘hot’ dispersion equation shows that the beam–wave interaction gain and frequency band with the cyclotron resonance enhancement effect are higher than those with only Cherenkov resonance radiation.     

Structural and photoresponsive behavior of a series of (phenylene)azobenzene‐containing liquid‐crystalline methacrylic copolymers

A series of side‐chain liquid‐crystalline methacrylic copolymers, having various amounts of 4′‐(4‐decyloxyphenyl)‐4‐(hexyloxy)‐azobenzene as the mesogenic group, were synthesized and characterized by differential scanning calorimetry, polarizing optical microscopy and X‐ray diffraction to determine their mesomorphic properties, and by UV?visible spectrometry to elucidate their optical absorption characteristics. Also, birefringence and surface relief gratings were photoinduced in the films using a laser beam of 413 nm. Copolymers with high mesogen contents display a polymorphic behavior of the smectic type. The smectic order tends to disappear as the content of mesogens in the copolymer decreases, going from extended lamellar domains of chromophores packed in a parallel position, typical for smectic liquid crystals, to small aggregates of chromophores dispersed in an amorphous matrix. Important hypsochromic shifts (Δλ_max ≈ 20 nm), associated with π interactions between neighboring aromatic groups, confirm the aggregation of chromophores in lamellar structures. The light‐induced birefringence (0.005 ? 0.06) is not as high as expected but it corroborates that there exists a tight interplay between photoinduced orientation and intrinsic molecular order. Surface relief gratings were recorded in copolymers with low mesogen content (15 ? 30 mol%), showing by atomic force microscopy sinusoidal profiles with an average depth of around 150 nm. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry     

Fiber Bragg grating sensors for on-line welding diagnostics

On-line monitoring of an arc-welding process is performed in this paper by means of fiber Bragg grating transducers (FBGs) in two different configurations. FBGs were glued to the plate surfaces next to the weld joint, and a FBG transducer was designed to sense the perturbations in the air surrounding the welding plasma column. Sensitivity to both temperature and vibrations during the process was analyzed during several tungsten inert gas (TIG) welding tests, showing the feasibility of the proposed design to perform an on-line detection of different welding perturbations. To enhance the analysis, a setup based on plasma optical spectroscopy was also employed to allow a comparison among the response of both techniques to the appearance of these perturbations.     

时栅传感器在铣床数控改造中的应用

为了实现对普通铣床的数控化改造,采用时栅传感器作为位置反馈传感器,通过以ARM为微处理器的嵌入式系统实现对铣床的运动轴进行闭环控制.并为铣床的工作台增加了一个内部安装有圆时栅的数控转台.论文介绍了改造过程以及利用数控转台加工直线、圆弧和椭圆的方法,并对其加工误差进行了分析.实践证明,改造后的铣床数控系统不仅提高了加工精度和效率,而且还提高了加工的灵活性.新型的时栅传感器为企业技术改造和数控加工系统的生产提供了一种高精度、低成本的解决途径.     

双路位移检测系统

利用光栅尺、高速计数单元、可编程序控制器、触摸屏等设计成双路位移检测系统,该系统可用于磨床、铣床、专用检具等设备的位移检测。     

Detecting deformations in uncompacted strata by fiber Bragg grating sensors incorporated into GFRP

Coalfields based in east China, such as Huaibei, Datun, Xuzhou, Yanzhou, Yongxia and Huainan, have suffered paroxysmal shaft lining fracture and repeated deformation after repair in the last three decades. This phenomenon has required the development of fractured shaft lining repairing technology and a method for detecting rock strata settlement. It is proposed in this paper that, with the method of fiber Bragg grating sensor incorporated into GFRP, a sensing network of fiber Bragg grating wavelength division multiplexing (WDM)/spatial division multiplexing (SDM) mixing array composed of 18 fiber gratings is formed, and it is used for monitoring the settlement of uncompacted hydrous strata. It is the first time that the fiber Bragg grating sensing system is embedded into the 180-m deep uncompacted strata, and the field experiments are conducted at No. 3 Jingning Coal Mine. The layout of optical sensors, the fiber Bragg grating detecting system, the drilling of the borehole and the embedding method of fiber Bragg grating sensors are introduced. The monitoring results of fiber Bragg grating sensors are compared with groundwater level monitoring results. Engineering practice shows that the fiber Bragg grating sensors are working normally and they can be used to detect strain safely and stably.     

位相法三维形貌测量数值模拟系统

设计了位相法三维形貌测量数值模拟系统.实验结果表明,该系统可以模拟相位测量的主要过程,根据模拟物体和系统参数对投影光栅进行有效调制,并利用行列法对调制光栅得到的包裹相位图正确解包裹.本系统为研究各种高效健壮的相位解包裹算法提供了模拟平台.